What is the most common mechanism of injury that causes scaphoid fractures?

The mechanism of injury leading to scaphoid fractures is commonly associated with the FOOSH (Falling on an Outstretched Hand) technique. When a person falls and instinctively extends their arm to break the fall, the wrist is subjected to a high level of impact. This force is transmitted through the bones of the forearm to the wrist, particularly affecting the scaphoid bone, which is located at the base of the thumb.

The scaphoid is uniquely positioned in the wrist, making it vulnerable during such falls. If the wrist is extended at the moment of impact, the scaphoid can fracture due to the acute force applied, especially if the person lands hard or misjudges the fall. Other mechanisms of injury, such as a direct blow to the wrist or twisting motions, can result in wrist injuries but are not typical scenarios for scaphoid fractures. Falling on a flexed wrist may also lead to wrist injuries but is less directly associated with scaphoid fractures compared to the FOOSH mechanism.

Understanding the most common scenarios that lead to specific injuries helps in both prevention and diagnosis, making it crucial to identify the FOOSH mechanism as a primary cause of scaphoid fractures.