Which muscle is most commonly affected in a rotator cuff tear?

The supraspinatus muscle is the most commonly affected muscle in a rotator cuff tear due to its location and function. It is one of the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff and plays a critical role in shoulder abduction, particularly during the initial 15 degrees of arm elevation. The supraspinatus is also the tendon that is most frequently subjected to wear and tear, especially in individuals who engage in repetitive overhead activities, such as throwing or lifting.

Injuries to the supraspinatus tendon can result in pain, weakness, and limited range of motion in the shoulder, making it vital to identify and address these injuries early. As a result of its common involvement in rotator cuff tears, the supraspinatus is often a focus in diagnostic evaluations and treatment plans for shoulder injuries. Understanding this muscle's role and vulnerability is crucial for healthcare professionals managing shoulder conditions.