How is spasticity defined?

Spasticity is defined as abnormal tightness in muscles that occurs as a result of prolonged muscle contractions. This condition often arises from damage to the brain or spinal cord, which affects the normal pathways of movement and control. In individuals with spasticity, muscles may be overly tight or stiff, leading to difficulties in movement, posture, and coordination.

The hallmark of spasticity is its resistance to passive movement, a feature that distinguishes it from other types of muscle tone abnormalities. It typically involves hyperactive stretch reflexes that can result in sustained muscle contractions. Consequently, this tightening can limit movement and may contribute to complications such as joint deformities.

Understanding spasticity's mechanism and effects is crucial for interventions, therapies, and rehabilitation strategies aimed at improving motor control and enhancing quality of life for affected individuals.